Bushing and the method or art of making same.



HRH?. DOiHLER. BUSHING AND THE VMETHI) .0R ART 0F MAKING SAMEl APPLlc/lom mi@ mm1. 1917.

IN VET. wfg/vwl( Patented Da. l1, 191 Y.

,i i t til HERMAN H. JDEHLBR, DJE BRUOKLYN, NBW-YORK apec'cation of Letters Patent. Pat-@maagd magg, 1ML, p91 'ym .application led February al, 191i?. aerial No. flaw?.

fb` all lwhom t may concern:

Be it known that l, HERMAN lll. lDoiiHLiin,

i a citizen of the United States, residing at lili ttl

lill

the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York, county of Kings, and Stateof New York,

` have -invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Bushings and the Methods or'- Art of Making Same, of which lthe following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

ll/ly invention relates to bushings and more particularly to a self lubricating bushing em-` bodying in the ccmstruction thereof, a friction or bearing metal shell or body and a lubricating medium forming a portion of and adapted to be applied to the bearing surfaces of said metal by the'movement of la y shaft mounted in the bushing; and towth method or art of producing such bushings-A di bushing made in accordancevwith my intention possesses the characteristics that the lubricatingmedium, such as a graphite paste, may be readily incorporatedin the structure of the bushing in a manner to se`- eure a uniform distribution, and density thereof in di'erent portions of the bushing,

while being surrounded and protected by the metal portions of the bushing until such time as it is desired to fit same to theshaft Ito be mounted inthe bushing. A furtherl characteristic is that the bushing may be'` readily machined when htting it tothe shaft, without likelihood of displacing'the' lubrieating medium, or producing a rough surface upon the bearing surfaces of the antifriction metal of the vshell or body of the bearing, orv breaking down the relatively weali partitions separating the `pockets conn 'taining said-medium. 4

'lhe pockets for the graphite or other ln-V bricating medium are so arranged that they sse may be readily and cheaplyformed in the shell or body of bearing metal, either by l means. of cores in casting, or by drilling,

the former being .preferable asA being more i economical and as producing greater unilill formity in the nished product. l

'llhe practice of the meth d or art of' my invention permits the simultaneous filling of all of the pockets with a graphite paste, or other lubricating medium in a manner to insuresubstantial uniformity in the density of said medium in all of said pockets..

Jlfhe invention consists primarily in a bus`hing embodying therein a shell or body hav ing a central bearing opening and a plurality of straight openings extending longitudinally therethrough, said straight openings .being adjacent but within the bearing opening of said shell or body, and parallel with each other and with the axis of the said shell or body and a mass of a lubricating meduim confined within the said straight openings whereby said bearing o ening rebil fili

sents a continuous metallic surface, w lich `Ihereto appended.

lldeferring to the drawings,

-lFig-ure l is a longitudinal section through a bushing embodying my invention;

Big. 2 is a cross section thereof; liig. 3 is a perspective View of said bushleei mi i liig. a is a diagrammatic view illustrating the method or art `practised in producing the bushing., V f

Like letters refer to like parts throughout the several views. 0 ln the embodiment of my invention shown in the drawings, a cylindrical shell or body composed of brass, Babbitt or other bearing metal isshown l at a. 'lhe central opening of the shell or' body is adapted to receive `a ltd lill

shaft, not shown, andthe wall t about saidf -tinuous and composed of brass, Babbitt or other bearing metal. idjacentthe wall o are a series of substantially straight openings c forming pockets for a lubricating medium closed at all points excepting the ends and extending parallel with the airis of said cylindrical shell or body and with each other. lFhese openings fc are spaced within the wall b a distance measured by thousandths of an inch, the metal of said wall beving cut away in ntting the bushing to a shaft,

so .that in use, the bushing will present a series of parallel bearing surfaces composed alternately of a bearing metal, and-a body gli ldd

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of lubricating medium, the latter being. carl ried'upon thefformer bythe movements of the shaft in amanner to'aff'ord, an adequately lubricatedsurface throughout the bushing..

By providing substantially straight open ings c for the graphite paste, or other lubricating medium, within the wall about the bearing openin of the bushing, I am enabled to load said openings with the graphite paste, orvother medium, in a manner to secure substantially uniform density thereof in each of the openings, while at the same time preventing. accidental displace ment thereof in` handling the bushing. Furthermore, by using irregular openings c, I am enabled to expose a portion of the body of the graphite, or other lubricating gniedinm, while .providing a suitable inter- "lock between said medium and the shell or body of the bushing so that, if desired, the bushing might be reamed to size, prior toA its delivery to the consumer. It is preferable, however, to allow the fitting to be done by the-consumer lBy making the openings c straight, the formation in the shell or body of the bushing is very simple, as the holes may be formed either by means of cores in casting' said body or shell, or said openings may be drilled. Either manner 'is simple and inexpensive. The arrangement of alternate surfaces of bearing metal andof lubricating material in a completed shell, minimizes any tendency toward the scoring of a shaft therein, although ordinarily the lubrication provided in a bushing of this character,

avoids all tendency toward the cutting of a shaft.

Bushings of the character above described, are produced by a method or art which consists in forming a plurality of openings in the shell or body of the bushing, such openings extending parallel to each other and to the axis of the bushing, and in close proximity to the wall of the bearing opening of the bushing. A shell or body so formed is then mounted adjacent a Acylinder d having a vpiston etherein by means of which graphite paste, or other similar lubricating medium is forced through a plurality of ports f coinciding in arrangement and dimensions with the openings c in the shell or body of the bushing. In this manner the graphite paste is forced axially through the openings c, the gra hite ultimately escaping from the ends o the openings being faced off so as to be ush with the end of the shell or body a and the ends of the body of the graphite toward the .cylinder d being faced off" by being rubbed\ all points excepting ati/the ends thereof. The method of filling artid openings is such as to afford rapidity/fand economy in the operation.

Ordinarily a bushing made in accordance with my invention, will be delivered with the wall b of the bearing opening, intact, so as-to form a barrier of two or three thousandths of an inch, or eren more if desired,

between the graphite openings and the bearing opening. In fitting to a shaft, the wall b will be reamed away so as to give the proper size to the bearing opening, which will have the incidental effect of removing these barriers, thus exposing graphite through the wall Z) so as to present to the shaft alternate parallel bearing surfaces of metal and graphite extending parallel with the axis of the' bearing as heretofore described.

The exterior' of the bushing, while ordinarily cylindrical, may take any desired form.

A bushing made in accordance with my invention, is particularly adapted for the steering columns of automobilesalthough its field of utility is-not limited to this use. The shell or body a may be made of brass, Babbitt metal, or any other desired metal, having the requisite, anti-friction properties. The said body or shell is preferably made by a finished casting process, the openings c being preferably formed by means of cores, in casting the said shell or body.

It is not my intention to limit the invention to the size, number or dimensions of the openings o, shown in the accompanying drawings, or to the'particular contour of the shell or body a it-being apparent that such may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to have protected by Letters Patent is 1. A bushing embodying therein a shell or body -having a central bearing opening and a plurality of straight openings extending longitudinally therethrough, said straight openings being adjacent the bearing opening of, but within, said shell or body parallel with each other and with the axis of said shell or body, and a mass of a lubricating medium cohfined within the said .straight openings whereby said bearing opening presents a continuous metallic surface, which surface is adapted to be removed in fitting said bushing to a shaft to expose such lubricating medium in fitting said bushing.

2. A bushing embodying therein a shell or body of metal having a central bearing opening and a. plurality of straight longitudinally extending openings adjacent said bearing opening, the metal of said shell or body extending across said straight open ings forming a barrier between the contents Leemeeo said openings and adapted to be exposed Within said bearing opening by' the removal of said barrier in fitting the bushing to a, shaft. V y

y3. A bushing embodying therein a shell' or body of metal having* a, central bearing openin and a lurality of straight longi--V tudina y exten ing irregular openings, ad-

'jacent said bearing opening, the A'metal of said shell -or body extending across said straight openings forming a barrier between lthe contents thereof .and said bearin opening, vand a mass of aiubricatng me ium in each ofsaid openings and adapted to be exf posed Within said bearing opening bythe removal of said barrier in fitting the bushing to 'a shaft.v

4. The method or art of making a, Iseli lubricating bushing consisting in forming a shell or body of an' anti-friction metal hev-v ing therein'a central bearing opening and a, plurality oi pockets for lubricating Inedium, closed et all points excepting at the ends consisting of openings closely/ adjacent the Weli of Said bearing opening, and forcing a, plastic lubricating mediumv into and axi- `:illy of allof said pockets about said bearing opening simultaneously.

In Witness whereof, l'have hereunto avffixed my signature in the presence of two l subscribin Witnesses,`this 15th dey of February, l91

Witnesses:

ALBERI' Gr. Gnoss, Omo A. VSciarlzonnnn.

HERMAN H. DOEHLER. 

